{"id":60648,"date":"2026-07-19T22:34:16","date_gmt":"2026-07-19T20:34:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/?p=60648"},"modified":"2026-07-19T22:36:34","modified_gmt":"2026-07-19T20:36:34","slug":"amoco-cadiz-chronique-dune-nuit-noire-sur-la-bretagne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/2026\/07\/19\/amoco-cadiz-chronique-dune-nuit-noire-sur-la-bretagne\/","title":{"rendered":"Amoco Cadiz : chronique d\u2019une nuit noire sur la Bretagne"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1302px;margin-left: calc(-5% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-5% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.375%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.375%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.375%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.375%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:2.375%;--awb-spacing-left-small:2.375%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><h1 class=\"font-semibold leading-tight text-pretty first:mt-xs mb-2 mt-4 &#091;.has-inline-images_&amp;&#093;:clear-end text-lg lg:text-xl\"><\/h1>\n<p class=\"my-2 &#091;&amp;+p&#093;:mt-4 &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:inline-block &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:align-top\">Le 16 mars 1978, le super\u2011p\u00e9trolier Amoco Cadiz s\u2019\u00e9choue sur les rochers de Portsall, au nord du Finist\u00e8re, et d\u00e9verse plus de 220 000 tonnes de p\u00e9trole brut sur des centaines de kilom\u00e8tres de c\u00f4tes bretonnes.<br \/>\nCette mar\u00e9e noire restera comme l\u2019une des pires catastrophes \u00e9cologiques par \u00e9chouement de navire jamais enregistr\u00e9es dans le monde.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"nuit-du-16-mars-1978\" class=\"font-semibold leading-tight text-pretty mb-2 mt-4 &#091;.has-inline-images_&amp;&#093;:clear-end text-lg first:mt-0 md:text-lg &#091;hr+&amp;&#093;:mt-4\">Nuit du 16 mars 1978<\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 &#091;&amp;+p&#093;:mt-4 &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:inline-block &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:align-top\">En fin de soir\u00e9e, alors que le navire approche de la Manche dans une violente temp\u00eate, une avarie de barre paralyse le gouvernail du super\u2011tanker lib\u00e9rien Amoco Cadiz.<br \/>\nLe navire, long d\u2019environ 334 m\u00e8tres et charg\u00e9 de plus de 220 000 tonnes de brut, d\u00e9rive alors dangereusement vers les hauts\u2011fonds situ\u00e9s \u00e0 quelques milles seulement du petit port breton de Portsall, commune de Ploudalm\u00e9zeau.<br \/>\nApr\u00e8s des n\u00e9gociations trop longues avec un remorqueur et deux tentatives de remorquage infructueuses, le g\u00e9ant finit par s\u2019empaler sur les r\u00e9cifs, scellant en quelques heures le destin de tout un littoral.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"le-gant-des-mers-en-perdition\" class=\"font-semibold leading-tight text-pretty mb-2 mt-4 &#091;.has-inline-images_&amp;&#093;:clear-end text-lg first:mt-0 md:text-lg &#091;hr+&amp;&#093;:mt-4\">Le g\u00e9ant des mers en perdition<\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 &#091;&amp;+p&#093;:mt-4 &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:inline-block &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:align-top\">L\u2019Amoco Cadiz est un super\u2011p\u00e9trolier de nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration, symbole de la course au gigantisme dans le transport de brut, mais aussi des limites de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 maritime de l\u2019\u00e9poque.<br \/>\nUne fois \u00e9chou\u00e9 sur les rochers de Portsall, sa coque se disloque sous la houle et le vent, ouvrant progressivement les cuves et laissant s\u2019\u00e9chapper la totalit\u00e9 de la cargaison dans la mer d\u2019Iroise.<br \/>\nEn moins de deux semaines, ce sont environ 223 000 tonnes de p\u00e9trole qui se r\u00e9pandent au large de la Bretagne, transformant l\u2019oc\u00e9an en une vaste nappe visqueuse et toxique.<\/p>\n<\/div><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-8902396130105212\"\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\n<!-- bas de page -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-8902396130105212\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"7724440717\"\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-has-icon fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;flex-grow:2;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-double\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:#ffffff;border-color:#ffffff;border-top-width:25px;border-bottom-width:25px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element\" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"762\" alt=\"Amoco Cadiz : la mar\u00e9e noire qui a boulevers\u00e9 les c\u00f4tes bretonnes en 1978\" title=\"export-1784493350782\" src=\"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/export-1784493350782.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/export-1784493350782.png\" class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-60652\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%271024%27%20height%3D%27762%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%201024%20762%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%271024%27%20height%3D%27762%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/export-1784493350782-200x149.png 200w, https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/export-1784493350782-400x298.png 400w, https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/export-1784493350782-600x446.png 600w, https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/export-1784493350782-800x595.png 800w, https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/export-1784493350782.png 1024w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/span><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-double\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;--awb-sep-color:#ffffff;border-color:#ffffff;border-top-width:11px;border-bottom-width:11px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><h2><\/h2>\n<h2 id=\"une-mare-noire-sans-prcdent\" class=\"font-semibold leading-tight text-pretty mb-2 mt-4 &#091;.has-inline-images_&amp;&#093;:clear-end text-lg first:mt-0 md:text-lg &#091;hr+&amp;&#093;:mt-4\">Une mar\u00e9e noire sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 &#091;&amp;+p&#093;:mt-4 &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:inline-block &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:align-top\">Sous l\u2019effet des vents dominants et des courants, la pollution s\u2019\u00e9tire rapidement d\u2019ouest en est, du secteur de Brest jusqu\u2019aux abords de Saint\u2011Brieuc.<br \/>\nLes \u00e9tudes scientifiques men\u00e9es apr\u00e8s le naufrage montrent que la mar\u00e9e noire touche de l\u2019ordre de 350 \u00e0 400 km de rivage, faisant de l\u2019Amoco Cadiz l\u2019une des mar\u00e9es noires les plus \u00e9tendues jamais observ\u00e9es sur un littoral europ\u00e9en.<br \/>\nEstuaires, baies semi\u2011ferm\u00e9es, plages, falaises et rochers sont engloutis sous une \u00e9paisse couche de mazout, rendant les paysages m\u00e9connaissables et saturant l\u2019air d\u2019une odeur \u00e2cre de p\u00e9trole.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"des-rivages-bretons-dfigurs\" class=\"font-semibold leading-tight text-pretty mb-2 mt-4 &#091;.has-inline-images_&amp;&#093;:clear-end text-lg first:mt-0 md:text-lg &#091;hr+&amp;&#093;:mt-4\">Des rivages bretons d\u00e9figur\u00e9s<\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 &#091;&amp;+p&#093;:mt-4 &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:inline-block &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:align-top\">Dans les zones les plus touch\u00e9es, la mortalit\u00e9 de la faune marine et aviaire est foudroyante : des dizaines de milliers de poissons et pr\u00e8s de 20 000 oiseaux p\u00e9rissent, englu\u00e9s ou intoxiqu\u00e9s par les hydrocarbures.<br \/>\nLes coquillages, crustac\u00e9s et algues, qui font la richesse \u00e9cologique et \u00e9conomique des c\u00f4tes bretonnes, subissent des destructions massives, y compris dans les secteurs conchylicoles et mytilicoles.<br \/>\nLes habitants d\u00e9couvrent au petit matin des plages noires, des blocs de p\u00e9trole solidifi\u00e9 et une mer qui semble avoir \u00ab disparu \u00bb tant la surface est recouverte d\u2019une pellicule sombre et uniforme.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"la-riposte-des-habitants-et-de-ltat\" class=\"font-semibold leading-tight text-pretty mb-2 mt-4 &#091;.has-inline-images_&amp;&#093;:clear-end text-lg first:mt-0 md:text-lg &#091;hr+&amp;&#093;:mt-4\">La riposte des habitants et de l\u2019\u00c9tat<\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 &#091;&amp;+p&#093;:mt-4 &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:inline-block &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:align-top\">D\u00e8s la nuit du naufrage, les autorit\u00e9s d\u00e9clenchent le plan Polmar, dispositif national de lutte contre les pollutions marines accidentelles, pour coordonner les moyens de secours et de d\u00e9pollution.<br \/>\nPendant des semaines, \u00e9lus, p\u00eacheurs, b\u00e9n\u00e9voles, militaires et associations se relaient pour racler les plages, ramasser le mazout et tenter de sauver les oiseaux et mammif\u00e8res marins pris au pi\u00e8ge<br \/>\nCe drame provoque une immense col\u00e8re dans les communes sinistr\u00e9es et lance un combat judiciaire de quatorze ans qui aboutira \u00e0 une indemnisation de plus d\u2019un milliard de francs et \u00e0 la cons\u00e9cration du principe du \u00ab pollueur\u2011payeur \u00bb.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"un-tournant-pour-la-scurit-maritime\" class=\"font-semibold leading-tight text-pretty mb-2 mt-4 &#091;.has-inline-images_&amp;&#093;:clear-end text-lg first:mt-0 md:text-lg &#091;hr+&amp;&#093;:mt-4\">Un tournant pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 maritime<\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 &#091;&amp;+p&#093;:mt-4 &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:inline-block &#091;&amp;_strong:has(+br)&#093;:align-top\">L\u2019\u00e9chouement de l\u2019Amoco Cadiz devient un cas d\u2019\u00e9cole mondial et pousse la France \u00e0 revoir en profondeur sa strat\u00e9gie de pr\u00e9vention des mar\u00e9es noires.<br \/>\nUn nouveau plan Polmar est d\u00e9fini, des centres sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s comme le Cedre \u00e0 Brest sont cr\u00e9\u00e9s, et un rail de navigation au large d\u2019Ouessant oblige d\u00e9sormais les navires transportant des mati\u00e8res dangereuses \u00e0 passer \u00e0 une cinquantaine de kilom\u00e8tres des c\u00f4tes.<br \/>\nAu\u2011del\u00e0 des r\u00e9formes techniques, la catastrophe de Portsall marque durablement les m\u00e9moires et rappelle qu\u2019une seule avarie sur un g\u00e9ant des mers peut suffire \u00e0 ravager des centaines de kilom\u00e8tres de littoral, imposant une vigilance permanente sur le transport maritime de p\u00e9trole.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-double\" style=\"--awb-height:20px;--awb-amount:20px;border-color:var(--awb-color3);border-top-width:1px;border-bottom-width:1px;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><h2><\/h2>\n<h2 id=\"sources-chemin-complet\" class=\"font-editorial font-bold mb-2 mt-4 &#091;.has-inline-images_&amp;&#093;:clear-end text-lg first:mt-0 md:text-lg &#091;hr+&amp;&#093;:mt-4\">Sources<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lpo.fr\/la-lpo-en-actions\/agir-pour-la-faune-en-detresse\/reponse-aux-catastrophes\/historique-de-nos-interventions\/1978-l-amoco-cadiz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.lpo.fr\/la-lpo-en-actions\/agir-pour-la-faune-en-detresse\/reponse-aux-catastrophes\/historique-de-nos-interventions\/1978-l-amoco-cadiz<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xqPgqyh84As\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=xqPgqyh84As<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Catastrophes dans l&rsquo;Ouest de la France<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":60650,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_titles_title":"Amoco Cadiz : la mar\u00e9e noire qui a boulevers\u00e9 les c\u00f4tes bretonnes en 1978","_seopress_titles_desc":"Le 26 ao\u00fbt 1972, la foudre frappe le p\u00e9trolier grec Princess Irene \u00e0 la raffinerie de Donges, provoquant une explosion meurtri\u00e8re, des marins jet\u00e9s dans la Loire et un incendie industriel qui marquera durablement l\u2019estuaire.","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_robots_follow":"","_seopress_robots_imageindex":"","_seopress_robots_snippet":"","_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_robots_breadcrumbs":"false","_seopress_robots_freeze_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_custom_modified_date":"","_seopress_robots_canonical":"","_seopress_social_fb_title":"","_seopress_social_fb_desc":"","_seopress_social_fb_img":"","_seopress_social_fb_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_fb_img_height":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_title":"","_seopress_social_twitter_desc":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img":"","_seopress_social_twitter_img_attachment_id":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_width":0,"_seopress_social_twitter_img_height":0,"_seopress_redirections_value":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled":"","_seopress_redirections_enabled_regex":"","_seopress_redirections_logged_status":"both","_seopress_redirections_param":"","_seopress_redirections_type":301,"_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[142,159],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60648","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-catastrophe","category-catastrophe-ouest-france"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60648","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60648"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60648\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60653,"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60648\/revisions\/60653"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60650"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60648"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60648"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alertes-meteo.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60648"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}